TURPENTINE
turpentine, oil of turpentine, spirit of turpentine, turps
(noun) volatile liquid distilled from turpentine oleoresin; used as paint thinner and solvent and medicinally
turpentine, gum terpentine
(noun) obtained from conifers (especially pines)
Source: WordNet® 3.1
Etymology
Noun
turpentine (countable and uncountable, plural turpentines)
A volatile essential oil obtained from the wood of pine trees by steam distillation; it is a complex mixture of monoterpenes; it is used as a solvent and paint thinner.
Synonyms
• turps
• tarpin
Verb
turpentine (third-person singular simple present turpentines, present participle turpentining, simple past and past participle turpentined)
(transitive) To drain resin from (a tree) for use in making turpentine.
Source: Wiktionary
Tur"pen*tine, n. Etym: [F. térébentine, OF. also turbentine; cf. Pr.
terebentina, terbentina, It. terebentina, trementina; fr. L.
terebinthinus of the turpentine tree, from terebinthus the turpentine
tree. Gr. Terebinth.]
Definition: A semifluid or fluid oleoresin, primarily the exudation of the
terebinth, or turpentine, tree (Pistacia Terebinthus), a native of
the Mediterranean region. It is also obtained from many coniferous
trees, especially species of pine, larch, and fir.
Note: There are many varieties of turpentine. Chian turpentine is
produced in small quantities by the turpentine tree (Pistacia
Terebinthus). Venice, Swiss, or larch turpentine, is obtained from
Larix Europæa. It is a clear, colorless balsam, having a tendency to
solidify. Canada turpentine, or Canada balsam, is the purest of all
the pine turpentines (see under Balsam). The Carpathian and Hungarian
varieties are derived from Pinus Cembra and Pinus Mugho. Carolina
turpentine, the most abundant kind, comes from the long-leaved pine
(Pinus palustris). Strasburg turpentine is from the silver fir (Abies
pectinata). Oil of turpentine (Chem.), a colorless oily hydrocarbon,
C10H16, of a pleasant aromatic odor, obtained by the distillation of
crude turpentine. It is used in making varnishes, in medicine, etc.
It is the type of the terpenes and is related to cymene. Called also
terebenthene, terpene, etc.
– Turpentine moth (Zoöl.), any one of several species of small
tortricid moths whose larvæ eat the tender shoots of pine and fir
trees, causing an exudation of pitch or resin.
– Turpentine tree (Bot.), the terebinth tree, the original source
of turpentine. See Turpentine, above.
Source: Webster’s Unabridged Dictionary 1913 Edition