“Coffee, the favorite drink of the civilized world.” – Thomas Jefferson, third president of the United States
TEMPER
temper, biliousness, irritability, peevishness, pettishness, snappishness, surliness
(noun) a disposition to exhibit uncontrolled anger; “his temper was well known to all his employees”
temper, toughness
(noun) the elasticity and hardness of a metal object; its ability to absorb considerable energy before cracking
pique, temper, irritation
(noun) a sudden outburst of anger; “his temper sparked like damp firewood”
temper, mood, humor, humour
(noun) a characteristic (habitual or relatively temporary) state of feeling; “whether he praised or cursed me depended on his temper at the time”; “he was in a bad humor”
chasten, temper
(verb) change by restraining or moderating
temper, season, mollify, moderate
(verb) make more temperate, acceptable, or suitable by adding something else; “she tempered her criticism”
temper
(verb) adjust the pitch (of pianos)
temper, harden
(verb) harden by reheating and cooling in oil; “temper steel”
anneal, temper, normalize
(verb) bring to a desired consistency, texture, or hardness by a process of gradually heating and cooling; “temper glass”
Source: WordNet® 3.1
Etymology
Noun
temper (countable and uncountable, plural tempers)
A tendency to be in a certain type of mood; a habitual way of thinking, behaving or reacting.
State of mind; mood.
A tendency to become angry.
Anger; a fit of anger.
Calmness of mind; moderation; equanimity; composure.
(obsolete) Constitution of body; the mixture or relative proportion of the four humours: blood, choler, phlegm, and melancholy.
Middle state or course; mean; medium.
The state of any compound substance which results from the mixture of various ingredients; due mixture of different qualities.
The heat treatment to which a metal or other material has been subjected; a material that has undergone a particular heat treatment.
The state of a metal or other substance, especially as to its hardness, produced by some process of heating or cooling.
(sugar manufacture, historical) Milk of lime, or other substance, employed in the process formerly used to clarify sugar.
Synonyms
• (tendency of mood): disposition, temperament
• ((fit of) anger): rage
Coordinate terms
• (Heat treatment): quenching
Verb
temper (third-person singular simple present tempers, present participle tempering, simple past and past participle tempered)
To moderate or control.
To strengthen or toughen a material, especially metal, by heat treatment; anneal.
To sauté spices in ghee or oil to release essential oils for flavouring a dish in South Asian cuisine.
To mix clay, plaster or mortar with water to obtain the proper consistency.
(music) To adjust, as the mathematical scale to the actual scale, or to that in actual use.
(obsolete, Latinism) To govern; to manage.
(archaic) To combine in due proportions; to constitute; to compose.
(archaic) To mingle in due proportion; to prepare by combining; to modify, as by adding some new element; to qualify, as by an ingredient; hence, to soften; to mollify; to assuage.
(obsolete) To fit together; to adjust; to accommodate.
Anagrams
• tempre
Source: Wiktionary
Tem"per, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tempered; p. pr. & vb. n. Tempering.] Etym: [AS. temprian or OF. temper, F. tempérer, and (in sense 3) temper, L. temperare, akin to tempus time. Cf. Temporal, Distemper, Tamper.]
1. To mingle in due proportion; to prepare by combining; to modify, as by adding some new element; to qualify, as by an ingredient; hence, to soften; to mollify; to assuage; to soothe; to calm. Puritan austerity was so tempered by Dutch indifference, that mercy itself could not have dictated a milder system. Bancroft. Woman! lovely woman! nature made thee To temper man: we had been brutes without you. Otway. But thy fire Shall be more tempered, and thy hope far higher. Byron. She [the Goddess of Justice] threw darkness and clouds about her, that tempered the light into a thousand beautiful shades and colors. Addison.
2. To fit together; to adjust; to accomodate. Thy sustenance . . . serving to the appetite of the eater, tempered itself to every man's liking. Wisdom xvi. 21.
3. (Metal.)
Definition: To bring to a proper degree of hardness; as, to temper iron or steel. The tempered metals clash, and yield a silver sound. Dryden.
4. To govern; to manage. [A Latinism & Obs.] With which the damned ghosts he governeth, And furies rules, and Tartare tempereth. Spenser.
5. To moisten to a proper consistency and stir thoroughly, as clay for making brick, loam for molding, etc.
6. (Mus.)
Definition: To adjust, as the mathematical scale to the actual scale, or to that in actual use.
Syn.
– To soften; mollify; assuage; soothe; calm.
Tem"per, n.
1. The state of any compound substance which results from the mixture of various ingredients; due mixture of different qualities; just combination; as, the temper of mortar.
2. Constitution of body; temperament; in old writers, the mixture or relative proportion of the four humors, blood, choler, phlegm, and melancholy. The exquisiteness of his [Christ's] bodily temper increased the exquisiteness of his torment. Fuller.
3. Disposition of mind; the constitution of the mind, particularly with regard to the passions and affections; as, a calm temper; a hasty temper; a fretful temper. Remember with what mild And gracious temper he both heared and judged. Milton. The consequents of a certain ethical temper. J. H. Newman.
4. Calmness of mind; moderation; equanimity; composure; as, to keep one's temper. To fall with dignity, with temper rise. Pope. Restore yourselves to your tempers, fathers. B. Jonson.
5. Heat of mind or passion; irritation; proneness to anger; -- in a reproachful sense. [Colloq.]
6. The state of a metal or other substance, especially as to its hardness, produced by some process of heating or cooling; as, the temper of iron or steel.
7. Middle state or course; mean; medium. [R.] The perfect lawgiver is a just temper between the mere man of theory, who can see nothing but general principles, and the mere man of business, who can see nothing but particular circumstances. Macaulay.
8. (Sugar Works)
Definition: Milk of lime, or other substance, employed in the process formerly used to clarify sugar. Temper screw, in deep well boring, an adjusting screw connecting the working beam with the rope carrying the tools, for lowering the tools as the drilling progresses.
Syn.
– Disposition; temperament; frame; humor; mood. See Disposition.
Tem"per, v. i.
1. To accord; to agree; to act and think in conformity. [Obs.] Shak.
2. To have or get a proper or desired state or quality; to grow soft and pliable. I have him already tempering between my finger and my thumb, and shortly will I seal with him. Shak.
Source: Webster’s Unabridged Dictionary 1913 Edition
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