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RUFF
ruff, trumping
(noun) (card games) the act of taking a trick with a trump when unable to follow suit
ruff, Philomachus pugnax
(noun) common Eurasian sandpiper; the male has an erectile neck ruff in breeding season
choker, ruff, ruffle, neck ruff
(noun) a high tight collar
frill, ruff
(noun) an external body part consisting of feathers or hair about the neck of a bird or other animal
trump, ruff
(verb) play a trump
Source: WordNet® 3.1
Etymology 1
Noun
ruff (plural ruffs)
A circular frill or ruffle on a garment, especially a starched, fluted frill at the neck in Elizabethan and Jacobean England (1560s–1620s).
Anything formed with plaits or flutings like a frill.
Senses relating to animals.
Philomachus pugnax (syn. Calidris pugnax), a gregarious, medium-sized wading bird of Eurasia; specifically, a male of the species which develops a distinctive ruff of feathers and ear tufts during mating season (the female is called a reeve).
(ornithology) A set of lengthened or otherwise modified feathers on or around the neck of a bird.
(zoology) A collar of lengthened or distinctively coloured fur on or around the neck of an animal.
(engineering) A collar on a shaft or other piece to prevent endwise motion.
(obsolete) An exhibition of haughtiness or pride.
(obsolete) Tumultuous or wanton conduct or procedure.
Verb
ruff (third-person singular simple present ruffs, present participle ruffing, simple past and past participle ruffed)
(transitive) To shape (fabric, etc.) into a ruff; to adorn (a garment, etc.) with a ruff.
(transitive, falconry) Of a falcon, hawk, etc.: to hit (the prey) without fixing or grabbing hold of it.
(rare, transitive) To ruffle; to disorder.
(obsolete, transitive) Of a bird: to ruffle its feathers.
(obsolete, transitive) To boast, to brag.
(obsolete, intransitive) To speak in a loud and domineering manner; to bluster, to swagger.
Etymology 2
Noun
ruff (plural ruffs)
Alternative spelling of ruffe: a small freshwater fish of the genus Gymnocephalus; specifically the Eurasian ruffe (Gymnocephalus cernua or Gymnocephalus cernuus) which has spiny fins; the pope.
Arripis georgianus, a fish found in cool waters off the southern coast of Australia; the Australian herring or tommy ruff.
(obsolete) A bottom-dwelling carnivorous fish of the family Sparidae found in temperate and tropical waters; a porgy or sea bream.
Synonyms
• (Australian herring (Arripis georgianus)): roughy
Etymology 3
Verb
ruff (third-person singular simple present ruffs, present participle ruffing, simple past and past participle ruffed) (card games)
(ambitransitive) To play a trump card to a trick when unable to follow suit (that is, to play a card of the same suit as the previous or leading card). [late 16th c.]
(transitive) Especially in the form ruff out: to defeat (a card, etc.) by ruffing, thus establishing the master card in the suit led.
Synonyms
• trump
Noun
ruff (plural ruffs) (card games)
An instance of ruffing, or an opportunity to ruff, when unable to follow suit. [late 16th c.]
(obsolete) A game similar to whist and its predecessor. [late 16th c.]
Etymology 4
Noun
ruff (plural ruffs)
(music, often, military) A low, vibrating beat of a drum, quieter than a roll; a ruffle.
Verb
ruff (third-person singular simple present ruffs, present participle ruffing, simple past and past participle ruffed) (music, often, military)
(transitive) To beat a ruff or ruffle, as on a drum.
(intransitive) Of a drum, etc.: to have a ruff or ruffle beaten on it.
Interjection
ruff
The bark of a dog; arf, woof.
Etymology 5
Adjective
ruff (comparative ruffer, superlative ruffest)
(colloquial) Alternative spelling of rough.
Source: Wiktionary
Ruff, n. Etym: [F. ronfle; cf. It. ronfa, Pg. rufa, rifa.] (Card Playing) (a) A game similar to whist, and the predecessor of it. Nares. (b) The act of trumping, especially when one has no card of the suit led.
Ruff, v. i. & t. (Card Playing)
Definition: To trump.
Ruff, n. Etym: [Of uncertain origin: cf. Icel. r rough, uncombed, Pr. ruf rude, rough, Sp. rufo frizzed, crisp, curled, G. raufen to pluck, fight, rupfen to pluck, pull, E. rough. sq. root18. Cf. Ruffle to wrinkle.]
1. A muslin or linen collar plaited, crimped, or fluted, worn formerly by both sexes, now only by women and children. Here to-morrow with his best ruff on. Shak. His gravity is much lessened since the late proclamation came out against ruffs; . . . they were come to that height of excess herein, that twenty shillings were used to be paid for starching of a ruff. Howell.
2. Something formed with plaits or flutings, like the collar of this name. I reared this flower; . . . Soft on the paper ruff its leaves I spread. Pope.
3. An exhibition of pride or haughtiness. How many princes . . . in the ruff of all their glory, have been taken down from the head of a conquering army to the wheel of the victor's chariot! L'Estrange.
4. Wanton or tumultuous procedure or conduct. [Obs.] To ruffle it out in a riotous ruff. Latimer.
5. (Mil.)
Definition: A low, vibrating beat of a drum, not so loud as a roll; a ruffle.
6. (Mach.)
Definition: A collar on a shaft ot other piece to prevent endwise motion. See Illust. of Collar.
7. (Zoöl.)
Definition: A set of lengthened or otherwise modified feathers round, or on, the neck of a bird.
8. (Zoöl.) (a) A limicoline bird of Europe and Asia (Pavoncella, or Philommachus, pugnax) allied to the sandpipers. The males during the breeding season have a large ruff of erectile feathers, variable in their colors, on the neck, and yellowish naked tubercles on the face. They are polygamous, and are noted for their pugnacity in the breeding season. The female is called reeve, or rheeve. (b) A variety of the domestic pigeon, having a ruff of its neck.
Ruff, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ruffed; p. pr. & vb. n. Ruffing.]
1. To ruffle; to disorder. Spenser.
2. (Mil.)
Definition: To beat with the ruff or ruffle, as a drum.
3. (Hawking)
Definition: To hit, as the prey, without fixing it.
Ruff, Ruffe, n. Etym: [OE. ruffe.] (Zoöl.)
Definition: A small freshwater European perch (Acerina vulgaris); -- called also pope, blacktail, and stone, or striped, perch.
Source: Webster’s Unabridged Dictionary 1913 Edition
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