Some 16th-century Italian clergymen tried to ban coffee because they believed it to be “satanic.” However, Pope Clement VII loved coffee so much that he lifted the ban and had coffee baptized in 1600.
roughness
(noun) harsh or severe speech or behavior; “men associate the roughness of nonstandard working-class speech with masculinity”; “the roughness of her voice was a signal to keep quiet”
crudeness, roughness
(noun) an unpolished unrefined quality; “the crudeness of frontier dwellings depressed her”
roughness, raggedness
(noun) a texture of a surface or edge that is not smooth but is irregular and uneven
harshness, roughness
(noun) the quality of being harsh or rough or grating to the senses
pitting, roughness, indentation
(noun) the formation of small pits in a surface as a consequence of corrosion
rowdiness, rowdyism, roughness, disorderliness
(noun) rowdy behavior
choppiness, roughness, rough water
(noun) used of the sea during inclement or stormy weather
Source: WordNet® 3.1
roughness (countable and uncountable, plural roughnesses)
The property of being rough, coarseness.
(US) Roughage; coarse fodder.
(Scotland) Abundance, especially of food.
Source: Wiktionary
Rough"ness, n.
Definition: The quality or state of being rough.
Source: Webster’s Unabridged Dictionary 1913 Edition
2 April 2025
(adjective) secret or hidden; not openly practiced or engaged in or shown or avowed; “covert actions by the CIA”; “covert funding for the rebels”
Some 16th-century Italian clergymen tried to ban coffee because they believed it to be “satanic.” However, Pope Clement VII loved coffee so much that he lifted the ban and had coffee baptized in 1600.