MAINSPRING
mainspring
(noun) the most important spring in a mechanical device (especially a clock or watch); as it uncoils it drives the mechanism
Source: WordNet® 3.1
Etymology
Noun
mainspring (plural mainsprings)
The principal spring of a clockwork mechanism, which drives it by uncoiling.
(figuratively) The most important reason for something (Cf. spring "origin of something" (literary) (often in the plural) the springs of her ambition).
Source: Wiktionary
Main"spring`, n.
Definition: The principal or most important spring in a piece of mechanism,
especially the moving spring of a watch or clock or the spring in a
gunlock which impels the hammer. Hence: The chief or most powerful
motive; the efficient cause of action.
Source: Webster’s Unabridged Dictionary 1913 Edition