GALL

crust, gall, impertinence, impudence, insolence, cheekiness, freshness

(noun) the trait of being rude and impertinent; inclined to take liberties

bile, gall

(noun) a digestive juice secreted by the liver and stored in the gallbladder; aids in the digestion of fats

resentment, bitterness, gall, rancor, rancour

(noun) a feeling of deep and bitter anger and ill-will

gall

(noun) abnormal swelling of plant tissue caused by insects or microorganisms or injury

gall

(noun) a skin sore caused by chafing

gall, irk

(verb) irritate or vex; “It galls me that we lost the suit”

chafe, gall, fret

(verb) become or make sore by or as if by rubbing

Source: WordNet® 3.1

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Etymology 1

Noun

gall (countable and uncountable, plural galls)

(anatomy, obsolete, uncountable) Bile, especially that of an animal; the greenish, profoundly bitter-tasting fluid found in bile ducts and gall bladders, structures associated with the liver.

(anatomy) The gall bladder.

(uncountable, obsolete) Great misery or physical suffering, likened to the bitterest-tasting of substances.

(uncountable) A feeling of exasperation.

(uncountable) Impudence or brazenness; temerity, chutzpah.

(medicine, obsolete, countable) A sore or open wound caused by chafing, which may become infected, as with a blister.

(countable) A sore on a horse caused by an ill-fitted or ill-adjusted saddle; a saddle sore.

(countable) A pit on a surface being cut caused by the friction between the two surfaces exceeding the bond of the material at a point.

Verb

gall (third-person singular simple present galls, present participle galling, simple past and past participle galled)

(transitive) To bother or trouble.

To harass, to harry, often with the intent to cause injury.

To chafe, to rub or subject to friction; to create a sore on the skin.

To exasperate.

To cause pitting on a surface being cut from the friction between the two surfaces exceeding the bond of the material at a point.

To scoff; to jeer.

Etymology 2

Noun

gall (plural galls)

(countable, plant disease) A blister or tumor-like growth found on the surface of plants, caused by burrowing of insect larvae into the living tissues, especially that of the common oak gall wasp Cynips quercusfolii.

(countable) A bump-like imperfection resembling a gall.

Synonyms

• nutgall

Verb

gall (third-person singular simple present galls, present participle galling, simple past and past participle galled)

To impregnate with a decoction of gallnuts in dyeing.

Proper noun

Gall (plural Galls)

A surname.

Source: Wiktionary

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Gall, n.Etym: [OE. galle, gal, AS. gealla; akin to D. gal, OS. & OHG. galla, Icel. gall, SW. galla, Dan. galde, L. fel, Gr. yellow. Yellow, and cf. Choler]

1. (Physiol.)

Definition: The bitter, alkaline, viscid fluid found in the gall bladder, beneath the liver. It consists of the secretion of the liver, or bile, mixed with that of the mucous membrane of the gall bladder.

2. The gall bladder.

3. Anything extremely bitter; bitterness; rancor. He hath . . . compassed me with gall and travail. Lam. iii. 5. Comedy diverted without gall. Dryden.

4. Impudence; brazen assurance. [Slang] Gall bladder (Anat.), the membranous sac, in which the bile, or gall, is stored up, as secreted by the liver; the cholecystis. See Illust. of Digestive apparatus.

– Gall duct, a duct which conveys bile, as the cystic duct, or the hepatic duct.

– Gall sickness, a remitting bilious fever in the Netherlands. Dunglison.

– Gall of the earth (Bot.), an herbaceous composite plant with variously lobed and cleft leaves, usually the Prenanthes serpentaria.

Gall, n. Etym: [F. galle, noix de galle, fr. L. galla.] (Zoöl.)

Definition: An excrescence of any form produced on any part of a plant by insects or their larvae. They are most commonly caused by small Hymenoptera and Diptera which puncture the bark and lay their eggs in the wounds. The larvae live within the galls. Some galls are due to aphids, mites, etc. See Gallnut.

Note: The galls, or gallnuts, of commerce are produced by insects of the genus Cynips, chiefly on an oak (Quercus infectoria or Lusitanica) of Western Asia and Southern Europe. They contain much tannin, and are used in the manufacture of that article and for making ink and a black dye, as well as in medicine. Gall insect (Zoöl.), any insect that produces galls.

– Gall midge (Zoöl.), any small dipterous insect that produces galls.

– Gall oak, the oak (Quercus infectoria) which yields the galls of commerce.

– Gall of glass, the neutral salt skimmed off from the surface of melted crown glass;- called also glass gall and sandiver. Ure.-- Gall wasp. (Zoöl.) See Gallfly.

Gall, v. t. (Dyeing)

Definition: To impregnate with a decoction of gallnuts. Ure.

Gall, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Galled; p. pr. & vb. n. Galling.] Etym: [OE. gallen; cf. F. galer to scratch, rub, gale scurf, scab, G. galle a disease in horses' feet, an excrescence under the tongue of horses; of uncertain origin. Cf. Gall gallnut.]

1. To fret and wear away by friction; to hurt or break the skin of by rubbing; to chafe; to injure the surface of by attrition; as, a saddle galls the back of a horse; to gall a mast or a cable. I am loth to gall a new-healed wound. Shak.

2. To fret; to vex; as, to be galled by sarcasm. They that are most galled with my folly, They most must laugh. Shak.

3. To injure; to harass; to annoy; as, the troops were galled by the shot of the enemy. In our wars against the French of old, we used to gall them with our longbows, at a greater distance than they could shoot their arrows. Addison.

Gall, v. i.

Definition: To scoff; to jeer. [R.] Shak.

Gall, n.

Definition: A wound in the skin made by rubbing.

Source: Webster’s Unabridged Dictionary 1913 Edition

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