In 1511, leaders in Mecca believed coffee stimulated radical thinking and outlawed the drink. In 1524, the leaders overturned that order, and people could drink coffee again.
espaliered
simple past tense and past participle of espalier
Source: Wiktionary
Es*pal"ier, n. Etym: [F. espalier, fr. It. spalliera, fr. spalla shoulder, the same word as F. Ă©paule. See Epaulet.] (Hort.)
Definition: A railing or trellis upon which fruit trees or shrubs are trained, as upon a wall; a tree or row of trees so trained. And figs from standard and espalier join. Pope.
Es*pal"ier, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Espaliered; p. pr. & vb. n. Espaliering.]
Definition: To form an espalier of, or to protect by an espalier.
Source: Webster’s Unabridged Dictionary 1913 Edition
24 January 2025
(noun) a state of agitation or turbulent change or development; “the political ferment produced new leadership”; “social unrest”
In 1511, leaders in Mecca believed coffee stimulated radical thinking and outlawed the drink. In 1524, the leaders overturned that order, and people could drink coffee again.