Coffee has initially been a food – chewed, not sipped. Early African tribes consume coffee by grinding the berries together, adding some animal fat, and rolling the treats into tiny edible energy balls.
traduced
simple past tense and past participle of traduce
• maligned
Source: Wiktionary
Tra*duce", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Traduced; p. pr. & vb. n. Traducing.] Etym: [L. traducere, traductum, to lead across, lead along, exhibit as a spectacle, disgrace, transfer, derive; trans across, over + ducere to lead: cf. F. traduire to transfer, translate, arraign, fr. L. traducere. See Duke.]
1. To transfer; to transmit; to hand down; as, to traduce mental qualities to one's descendants. [Obs.] Glanvill.
2. To translate from one language to another; as, to traduce and compose works. [Obs.] Golden Boke.
3. To increase or distribute by propagation. [Obs.] From these only the race of perfect animals were propagated and traduced over the earth. Sir M. Hale.
4. To draw away; to seduce. [Obs.] I can forget the weakness Of the traduced soldiers. Beau. & Fl.
5. To represent; to exhibit; to display; to expose; to make an example of. [Obs.] Bacon.
6. To expose to contempt or shame; to represent as blamable; to calumniate; to vilify; to defame. The best stratagem that Satan hath . . . is by traducing the form and manner of them [prayers], to bring them into contempt. Hooker. He had the baseness . . . to traduce me in libel. Dryden.
Syn.
– To calumniate; vilify; defame; disparage; detract; depreciate; decry; slander.
Source: Webster’s Unabridged Dictionary 1913 Edition
4 April 2025
(verb) kill by cutting the head off with a guillotine; “The French guillotined many Vietnamese while they occupied the country”
Coffee has initially been a food – chewed, not sipped. Early African tribes consume coffee by grinding the berries together, adding some animal fat, and rolling the treats into tiny edible energy balls.