Coffee has initially been a food – chewed, not sipped. Early African tribes consume coffee by grinding the berries together, adding some animal fat, and rolling the treats into tiny edible energy balls.
tartar, calculus, tophus
(noun) an incrustation that forms on the teeth and gums
tophus, chalkstone
(noun) a deposit of urates around a joint or in the external ear; diagnostic of advanced or chronic gout
Source: WordNet® 3.1
tophus (plural tophi)
(medicine) A deposit of monosodium urate crystals in the body, caused by high levels of uric acid in the blood.
• Houpts, Pushto, shot up, upshot
Source: Wiktionary
To"phus, n.; pl. Tophi. Etym: [NL.: cf. F. tophus a mineral concretion in the joint. See Toph.] [Written also tofus.]
1. (Med.)
Definition: One of the mineral concretions about the joints, and in other situations, occurring chiefly in gouty persons. They consist usually of urate of sodium; when occurring in the internal organs they are also composed of phosphate of calcium.
2. (Min.)
Definition: Calcareous tufa.
Source: Webster’s Unabridged Dictionary 1913 Edition
19 June 2025
(noun) the condition of belonging to a particular place or group by virtue of social or ethnic or cultural lineage; “his roots in Texas go back a long way”; “he went back to Sweden to search for his roots”; “his music has African roots”
Coffee has initially been a food – chewed, not sipped. Early African tribes consume coffee by grinding the berries together, adding some animal fat, and rolling the treats into tiny edible energy balls.