PRISM

prism, optical prism

(noun) optical device having a triangular shape and made of glass or quartz; used to deviate a beam or invert an image

prism

(noun) a polyhedron with two congruent and parallel faces (the bases) and whose lateral faces are parallelograms

Source: WordNet® 3.1

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Etymology

Noun

prism (plural prisms)

(geometry) A polyhedron with parallel ends of the same size and shape, the other faces being parallelogram-shaped sides.

A transparent block in the shape of a prism (typically with triangular ends), used to split or reflect light.

A crystal in which the faces are parallel to the vertical axis.

Hyponyms

• cylinder

• pyramid

Anagrams

• prims

Source: Wiktionary

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Prism, n. Etym: [L. prisma, Gr. prisme.]

1. (Geom.)

Definition: A solid whose bases or ends are any similar, equal, and parallel plane figures, and whose sides are parallelograms.

Note: Prisms of different forms are often named from the figure of their bases; as, a triangular prism, a quadrangular prism, a rhombic prism, etc.

2. (Opt.)

Definition: A transparent body, with usually three rectangular plane faces or sides, and two equal and parallel triangular ends or bases; -- used in experiments on refraction, dispersion, etc.

3. (Crystallog.)

Definition: A form the planes of which are parallel to the vertical axis. See Form, n., 13. Achromatic prism (Opt.), a prism composed usually of two prisms of different transparent substances which have unequal dispersive powers, as two different kinds of glass, especially flint glass and crown glass, the difference of dispersive power being compensated by giving them different refracting angles, so that, when placed together so as to have opposite relative positions, a ray of light passed through them is refracted or bent into a new position, but is free from color.

– Nicol's prism, Nicol prism. Etym: [So called from Wm. Nicol, of Edinburgh, who first proposed it.] (Opt.) An instrument for experiments in polarization, consisting of a rhomb of Iceland spar, which has been bisected obliquely at a certain angle, and the two parts again joined with transparent cement, so that the ordinary image produced by double refraction is thrown out of the field by total reflection from the internal cemented surface, and the extraordinary, or polarized, image alone is transmitted.

Source: Webster’s Unabridged Dictionary 1913 Edition

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