In 1511, leaders in Mecca believed coffee stimulated radical thinking and outlawed the drink. In 1524, the leaders overturned that order, and people could drink coffee again.
defacement, disfigurement, disfiguration, mutilation
(noun) the act of damaging the appearance or surface of something; “the defacement of an Italian mosaic during the Turkish invasion”; “he objected to the dam’s massive disfigurement of the landscape”
mutilation
(noun) an injury that causes disfigurement or that deprives you of a limb or other important body part
Source: WordNet® 3.1
mutilation (countable and uncountable, plural mutilations)
The act of mutilating or the state of being mutilated.
• female genital mutilation
• male genital mutilation
• ultimation
Source: Wiktionary
Mu`ti*la"tion, n. Etym: [L. mutilatio: cf. F. mutilation.]
Definition: The act of mutilating, or the state of being mutilated; deprivation of a limb or of an essential part.
Source: Webster’s Unabridged Dictionary 1913 Edition
17 May 2025
(noun) sessile marine coelenterates including solitary and colonial polyps; the medusoid phase is entirely suppressed
In 1511, leaders in Mecca believed coffee stimulated radical thinking and outlawed the drink. In 1524, the leaders overturned that order, and people could drink coffee again.