harshen
(verb) make harsh or harsher; “Winter harshened the look of the city”
Source: WordNet® 3.1
harshen (third-person singular simple present harshens, present participle harshening, simple past and past participle harshened)
(transitive) To make, or to become harsh; render hard and rough.
(transitive) To render peevish, morose, or austere.
Source: Wiktionary
28 February 2025
(adjective) pertaining to giving directives or rules; “prescriptive grammar is concerned with norms of or rules for correct usage”
Espresso is both a coffee beverage and a brewing method that originated in Italy. When making an espresso, a small amount of nearly boiling water under pressure forces through finely-ground coffee beans. It has more caffeine per unit volume than most coffee beverages. Its smaller serving size will take three shots to equal a mug of standard brewed coffee.
