In 1884, Angelo Moriondo of Turin, Italy, demonstrated the first working example of an espresso machine.
grudging, niggardly, scrimy
(adjective) petty or reluctant in giving or spending; “a niggardly tip”
grudging
(adjective) of especially an attitude; “gave grudging consent”; “grudging acceptance of his opponent’s victory”
Source: WordNet® 3.1
grudging (comparative more grudging, superlative most grudging)
Unwilling or with reluctance.
grudging
present participle of grudge
grudging (plural grudgings)
The state of bearing a grudge.
• drugging
Source: Wiktionary
Grudge, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Grudger; p. pr. & vb. n. Grudging.] Etym: [OE. grutchen, gruchen, grochen, to murmur, grumble, OF. grochier, grouchier, grocier, groucier; cf. Icel. krytja to murmur, krutr a murmur, or E. grunt.]
1. To look upon with desire to possess or to appropriate; to envy (one) the possession of; to begrudge; to covet; to give with reluctance; to desire to get back again; -- followed by the direct object only, or by both the direct and indirect objects. Tis not in thee To grudge my pleasures, to cut off my train. Shak. I have often heard the Presbyterians say, they did not grudge us our employments. Swift. They have grudged us contribution. Shak.
2. To hold or harbor with malicioua disposition or purpose; to cherish enviously. [Obs.] Perish they That grudge one thought against your majesty ! Shak.
Grudge, v. i.
1. To be covetous or envious; to show discontent; to murmur; to complain; to repine; to be unwilling or reluctant. Grudge not one against another. James v. 9. He eats his meat without grudging. Shak.
2. To feel compunction or grief. [Obs.] Bp. Fisher.
Grudge, n.
1. Sullen malice or malevolence; cherished malice, enmity, or dislike; ill will; an old cause of hatred or quarrel. Esau had conceived a mortal grudge and eumity against hie brother Jacob. South. The feeling may not be envy; it may not be imbittered by a grudge. I. Taylor.
2. Slight symptom of disease. [Obs.] Our shaken monarchy, that now lies . . . struggling againat the grudges of more dreaded calamities. Milton.
Syn.
– Pique; aversion; dislike; ill will; hatred; spite. See Pique.
Source: Webster’s Unabridged Dictionary 1913 Edition
11 May 2025
(noun) a light drumstick with a rounded head that is used to strike such percussion instruments as chimes, kettledrums, marimbas, glockenspiels, etc.
In 1884, Angelo Moriondo of Turin, Italy, demonstrated the first working example of an espresso machine.