DISTILLATION
distillation, distillment
(noun) the process of purifying a liquid by boiling it and condensing its vapors
distillate, distillation
(noun) a purified liquid produced by condensation from a vapor during distilling; the product of distilling
Source: WordNet® 3.1
Etymology
Noun
distillation (countable and uncountable, plural distillations)
The act of falling in drops, or the act of pouring out in drops.
That which falls in drops.
(chemistry, chemical engineering) The separation of more volatile parts of a substance from less volatile ones by evaporation and condensation.
Purification through repeated or continuous distilling; rectification.
(petroleum) Separation into specific hydrocarbon groups; fractionation.
The substance extracted by distilling.
Source: Wiktionary
Dis`til*la"tion, n. Etym: [F. distillation, L. destillatio.]
1. The act of falling in drops, or the act of pouring out in drops.
2. That which falls in drops. [R.] Johnson
3. (Chem.)
Definition: The separation of the volatile parts of a substance from the
more fixed; specifically, the operation of driving off gas or vapor
from volatile liquids or solids, by heat in a retort or still, and
the condensation of the products as far as possible by a cool
receiver, alembic, or condenser; rectification; vaporization;
condensation; as, the distillation of illuminating gas and coal, of
alcohol from sour mash, or of boric acid in steam.
Note: The evaporation of water, its condensation into clouds, and its
precipitation as rain, dew, frost, snow, or hail, is an illustration
of natural distillation.
4. The substance extracted by distilling. Shak. Destructive
distillation (Chem.), the distillation, especially of complex solid
substances, so that the ultimate constituents are separated or
evolved in new compounds, -- usually requiring a high degree of heat;
as, the destructive distillation of soft coal or of wood.
– Dry distillation, the distillation of substances by themselves,
or without the addition of water or of other volatile solvent; as,
the dry distillation of citric acid.
– Fractional distillation. (Chem.) See under Fractional.
Source: Webster’s Unabridged Dictionary 1913 Edition