Coun"ter*scarf` (-skrf`), n. Etym: [Counter- + scarp: cf. F. contrescarpe.] (Fort.)
Definition: The exterior slope or wall of the ditch; -- sometimes, the whole covered way, beyond the ditch, with its parapet and glacis; as, the enemy have lodged themselves on the counterscarp.
Source: Webster’s Unabridged Dictionary 1913 Edition
1 July 2025
(noun) the state of being a slave; “So every bondman in his own hand bears the power to cancel his captivity”--Shakespeare
The first coffee-house in Mecca dates back to the 1510s. The beverage was in Turkey by the 1530s. It appeared in Europe circa 1515-1519 and was introduced to England by 1650. By 1675 the country had more than 3,000 coffee houses, and coffee had replaced beer as a breakfast drink.
