CALCULI
CALCULUS
calculus, infinitesimal calculus
(noun) the branch of mathematics that is concerned with limits and with the differentiation and integration of functions
calculus, concretion
(noun) a hard lump produced by the concretion of mineral salts; found in hollow organs or ducts of the body; “renal calculi can be very painful”
tartar, calculus, tophus
(noun) an incrustation that forms on the teeth and gums
Source: WordNet® 3.1
Noun
calculi
plural of calculus
Source: Wiktionary
Cal"cu*li, n. pl.
Definition: See Calculus.
CALCULUS
Cal"cu*lus, n.; pl. Calculi Etym: [L, calculus. See Calculate, and
Calcule.]
1. (Med.)
Definition: Any solid concretion, formed in any part of the body, but most
frequent in the organs that act as reservoirs, and in the passages
connected with them; as, biliary calculi; urinary calculi, etc.
2. (Math.)
Definition: A method of computation; any process of reasoning by the use of
symbols; any branch of mathematics that may involve calculation.
Barycentric calculus, a method of treating geometry by defining a
point as the center of gravity of certain other points to which
coëfficients or weights are ascribed.
– Calculus of functions, that branch of mathematics which treats of
the forms of functions that shall satisfy given conditions.
– Calculus of operations, that branch of mathematical logic that
treats of all operations that satisfy given conditions.
– Calculus of probabilities, the science that treats of the
computation of the probabilities of events, or the application of
numbers to chance.
– Calculus of variations, a branch of mathematics in which the laws
of dependence which bind the variable quantities together are
themselves subject to change.
– Differential calculus, a method of investigating mathematical
questions by using the ratio of certain indefinitely small quantities
called differentials. The problems are primarily of this form: to
find how the change in some variable quantity alters at each instant
the value of a quantity dependent upon it.
– Exponential calculus, that part of algebra which treats of
exponents.
– Imaginary calculus, a method of investigating the relations of
real or imaginary quantities by the use of the imaginary symbols and
quantities of algebra.
– Integral calculus, a method which in the reverse of the
differential, the primary object of which is to learn from the known
ratio of the indefinitely small changes of two or more magnitudes,
the relation of the magnitudes themselves, or, in other words, from
having the differential of an algebraic expression to find the
expression itself.
Source: Webster’s Unabridged Dictionary 1913 Edition